Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), a case of vaginal microbiome imbalance (dysbiosis) in women, have been limited to antibiotics, which are ineffective against BV recurrence. However, some physicians are beginning to advocate for probiotics to help restore eubiosis in the vaginal microbiome. One promising treatment, Lactin-V, a strain of Lactobacillus crispatus, has been studied as a suppository probiotic, showing promising results thus far. This review will discuss why supplemental Lactobacillus probiotics, with its natural protection and H2O2 production, should be integrated into the standard treatment of antibiotics for women with recurrent BV to combat its negative health impacts.

The resistome is the totality of the ancient genetic base of antibiotic-resistant genes among bacterial species. In the past, the resistome was wholly the subject of the natural world and the antibiotics that developed within it. However, ever since the use and misuse of antibiotics by humans began, the balance between the resistome and antibiotics has turned into a race between the emergence of highly antibiotic-resistant “superbugs” and the development of novel antibiotic compounds and antibiotic techniques. Among those superbugs that have become of human concern in recent years, Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is one of the most important. This paper aims to outline a possible novel vesicle vaccine that is effective against MRSA, and additionally, the process by which the vaccine might be experimentally created.

What are some of the largest living things you can think of? An elephant? A blue whale? What about the giant sequoias or towering redwoods? There are a lot of “biggest” organisms in the world, but would you ever expect a bacterium to claim that title? Just recently, a new king of giant bacteria was crowned. Candidatus Thiomargarita magnifica, a bacteria whose cells can stretch ...