Research into the effects of microgravity on plant development bolsters the evolution of bioregenerative life support systems (BLSS), which are essential to foster extended life in space. However, microgravity, ionizing radiation, and hypomagnetic conditions on space vessels induce abnormal phenotypes that inhibit plant functionality in these systems. Microgravity has been tied to increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phenolic compounds, the latter produced in response to oxidative stress. Microgravity additionally appears to influence germination and elongation success, though current studies exhibit high variability by species. To mitigate the effects of microgravity on plants, researchers can apply directional stimulation via phototropism or strigolactone exudation. Additional research is needed to build on this field, as current studies involve high variability in testing conditions, species, and equipment.